Paper 89 Paper 91
See Etymology of Coined Terminology.
Introduction
Section 1: The First Shamans–The Medicine Men
p1: See cross-reference study: Seer(s).
p2: abnormal, idiot See SubTopical Study: “Where the Alpheus twins subnormal?”
abnormal is used six times: (52:2.11,12), (84:4.5), (85:6.2), (90:1.2), (100:5.9).
p4: From the Louvre in France. These are in the Roman gallery:
Section 2: Shamanistic Practices
p2: See cross-reference study: Seer(s).
p4: See cross-reference study: Age 16, Child Mind, Childlike, Little Child, and Childish.
p5: sign(s) See Topical Study: Sign(s). Note: signs of the times appears twice. In both instances, the phase is part of a quote attributed to Jesus: See also, Topical Study: Prophecy and “signs of the times.”
p9: Teuskwatawa/Tenskwatawa and 1808/1806 This paragraph is energetically packed with overlapping issues of interest, including:
1) The intersecting eclipses over Bald Knob Cross of Peace in southern Illinois on August 21, 2017 (Jesus’ birthday) and April 8, 2024 (the day between crucifixion and resurrection).
2) The origins and nature of this revelation,
3) The special role that some people played in bringing The Urantia Book into publication,
4) This revelation’s limitations with respect to typographical errors,
5) The past and contemporary role of saints, prophets, seers, and heralds, and
6) The use of science by a prophet to predict an eclipse.
Regarding (6), note that Tenskwatawa is not referred to as a seer. In fact, there is substantial evidence to suggest that he was aware of the coming eclipse through contacts with the British. As well, information about the upcoming eclipse was being distributed in New England, under the title: Darkness at Noon.
Tenskwatawa is the standard transliteration for the Shawnee prophet’s name; the spelling in the first edition may have been caused by a mistaken keystroke or may have been the result of an error in reading the original manuscript.
Regarding the latter possibility, the note for 195:3.10 is worth considering: “Poutaenus taught Clement and then went on to follow Nathaniel…: The correct spelling of this name is Pantaenus; Dr. Sadler, in a March 17, 1959 letter to the Reverend Benjamin Adams of San Francisco, suggested the possible source of the error: “I think the spelling of the name of the teacher in Alexandria is undoubtedly an error in transcribing the manuscript into typewriting. An “an” was undoubtedly transcribed as an “ou”. I remember when we were sometimes in doubt as to whether a letter was an “n” or a “u” in the manuscript. Of course, we who were preparing this matter, did not know the name of this teacher so could have easily made this mistake.”)
Original printing reads, “the Shawnee Teuskwatawa, who predicted the eclipse of the sun in 1808 and denounced the vices of the white man.” SRT reads, “the Shawnee Tenskwatawa, who predicted the eclipse of the sun in 1806 and denounced the vices of the white man.” Explanation, “The date in the text here has been changed because the incident actually occurred in 1806. Since nothing in the text is dependent on, or linked to, the original 1808 date, and since the change from the incorrect to the correct date is just one digit/keystroke, this is technically identical to a number of other corrected items.”
This issue is referenced on the Wikipedia page for The Urantia Book, under the heading Criticism of its science, as evidence of something other than a typo graphical error: “The book erroneously says that a solar eclipse was predicted in 1808 by the Native American prophet Tenskwatawa. The eclipse actually was predicted in late April 1806 and occurred on June 16, 1806. In 2009, Urantia Foundation acknowledged the error and revised the book.” Taking the attitude that the error is something more than a typo reflects the influence of Martin Gardner’s book Urantia: The Great Cult Mystery on Wikipedia’s editorial process.
oppose general education, thwart scientific progress See Topical Study: Health and Healing.
Section 3: The Shamanic Theory of Disease and Death
p4: contagious, disease producing See Topical Study: Health and Healing.
Section 4: Medicine Under the Shamans
p3: shamefully See cross-reference study: Shame(ful(ly)) Lax.
p5,8,9: disease-producing, medical See Topical Study: Health and Healing.
Section 5: Priests and Rituals
p2: fathered See cross-reference study: Gender Studies.
p6: common people See subtopic: “Were the Alpheus twins subnormal?” For the larger context into which this study falls, see the Topical Study: Genetic Introductions, Mutations, and Evolution: a Urantia Book perspective.
Additional notes:
Matthew Block suggests that the following authors were influential in writing of this Paper and has prepared a parallel chart:
William Graham Sumner and Albert Galloway Keller, The Science of Society, Volume II (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1927) Wikipedia page: Sumner. Wikipedia page: Keller.
William Graham Sumner, Albert Galloway Keller, and Maurice Rea Davie, The Science of Society, Volume IV (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1927)
Lewis Browne, This Believing World: A Simple Account of the Great Religions of Mankind (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1926) Wikipedia page.
E. Washburn Hopkins, Ph.D., LL.D., Origin and Evolution of Religion (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1923) Wikipedia page.